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DIM (Diindolylmethaan)

In het kort
  • DIM (Diindolylmethaan) is een metaboliet van indool-3-carbinol, wat voorkomt in kruisbloemige groenten
  • DIM wordt gevormd in de darmen na vertering van indool-3-carbinol
  • Onderzoeken wijzen op ontstekingsremmende effecten en oestrogeenverlagende effecten bij kanker.
  • Diindolylmethaan gebruikt men het meest in doses van 100-150 mg per dag gedurende 1-12 maanden.
  • DIM gebruikt men oraal bij oestrogeendominantie, premenstrueel syndroom (PMS) en gewichtsverlies.
In het kort

Wat is DIM (Diindolylmethaan)?

DIM, of de volledige naam Diindolylmethaan, is een belangrijke actieve metaboliet van indole-3-carbinol. Dit is een chemische stof die voorkomt in kruisbloemige groenten, waaronder broccoli, kool, bloemkool, boerenkool en spruitjes. DIM wordt gevormd in de darmen na vertering van indool-3-carbinol1,2,3,4.

In maagzuur is indol-3-carbinol onstabiel en wordt het gemakkelijk omgezet in een verscheidenheid aan verbindingen, waaronder diindolylmethaan5. Een typisch dieet levert 20-120 mg indol-3-carbinol per dag op. Ongeveer 10% tot 20% wordt omgezet in diindolylmethaan, wat 2-24 mg per dag oplevert4,6,7.

Wat is DIM (Diindolylmethaan)?

Gebruik

Oraal

Diindolylmethaan gebruikt men oraal bij goedaardige prostaathypertrofie (BPH) en borst-, baarmoeder-, prostaat-, en colorectale kanker. Het wordt ook gebruikt voor het premenstrueel syndroom (PMS) en gewichtsverlies.

Gebruik

Veiligheid

Volwassenen

Waarschijnlijk veilig bij oraal gebruik in hoeveelheden die gewoonlijk in voedingsmiddelen worden aangetroffen. Het typische dieet levert dagelijks 2-24 mg diindolylmethaan54,60,61. Mogelijk veilig bij oraal gebruik en op de juiste manier in medicinale doses. Diindolylmethaan is met veiligheid gebruikt in doses tot 150 mg per dag gedurende maximaal 1 jaar56,57,58,59.

Kinderen

Waarschijnlijk veilig bij oraal gebruik in hoeveelheden die gewoonlijk in voedingsmiddelen worden aangetroffen. Het typische dieet levert dagelijks 2-24 mg diindolylmethaan54,61,62.

Zwangerschap en lactatie

Waarschijnlijk veilig bij oraal gebruik in hoeveelheden die gewoonlijk in voedingsmiddelen worden aangetroffen. Het typische dieet levert dagelijks 2-24 mg diindolylmethaan54,61,62. Er is onvoldoende betrouwbare informatie beschikbaar over de veiligheid van diindolylmethaan bij gebruik in grotere hoeveelheden dan in voedingsmiddelen tijdens zwangerschap en borstvoeding; vermijd te gebruiken.

Veiligheid

Interacties

Medicijnen

Diindolylmethaan zou de serumspiegels van CYP1A2-substraten kunnen verlagen. In vitro bewijs suggereert dat diindolylmethaan CYP1A2 kan induceren63,64. Theoretisch zou DIM het metabolisme van CYP1A2-substraten kunnen verhogen en de serumconcentraties kunnen verlagen. Deze interactie is niet gemeld bij mensen.

Theoretisch zou diindolylmethaan het risico op hyponatriëmie kunnen verhogen bij gebruik met natriumafbrekende diuretica. Grote doses diindolylmethaan (600 mg per dag) zijn in klinisch onderzoek in verband gebracht met twee gevallen van asymptomatische hyponatriëmie65.

Theoretisch zou diindolylmethaan de effecten van oestrogenen kunnen versterken of verminderen. Diindolylmethaan kan milde oestrogene of anti-oestrogene effecten hebben54. Theoretisch kunnen grote hoeveelheden diindolylmethaan interfereren met hormoonvervangingstherapie.

Kruiden en supplementen

Geen bekend.

Voeding

Geen bekend.

Lab testen

Geen bekend.

Ziekten

Overleg met een behandelend arts is noodzakelijk wanneer patiënten door ziekte reguliere behandelingen ondergaan. Voorlopig onderzoek suggereert echter ook dat diindolylmethaan anti-oestrogene effecten zou kunnen hebben en mogelijk beschermend zou kunnen zijn tegen hormoonafhankelijke kankers54.

Interacties

Dosering

Volwassen (oraal)

Diindolylmethaan gebruikt men het meest in doses van 100-150 mg per dag gedurende 1-12 maanden.

Dosering
Referenties
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